碳纤维支架振动抑制方法研究

对某卫星的碳纤维支架振动抑制方法进行了研究。讨论了约束阻尼减振方案离散约束层和离散阻尼层的影响,分析了不同状态的结果;结构修改采用加强板改进方案,分析了5种工况的影响;内部填充减振材料方案在支架的撑杆内部填充聚氨酯减振材料,分析了聚氨酯材料的弹性模量和损耗因子等参数对结构特性的影响。综合比较了不同方案的优缺点,认为该支架应在原约束阻尼方案的基础上,采用增加加强板1圈的改进方案。     

双目视觉图像定位技术在自动压铆机数控托架系统上的应用

创新性的将双目视觉图像定位技术应用在自动压铆机上,以实现对铆钉的精确定位,针对压铆机的压铆特性,提出了一种基于特征圆并采用一步移动的双目立体视觉标定方式,建立了双目识别图像定位技术对铆钉的标定方法.对自动压铆机数控托架系统进行了设计,实现了自动压铆机数控托架系统的自动压铆.     

小卫星一体化星敏支架拓扑优化

针对小卫星薄壁式铸钛一体化星敏支架减重需求,采用拓扑优化方法设计了一种面向3D打印制造的一体化星敏支架,拓扑优化计算时以刚度不低于200 Hz和重量最小化为目标得到了材料分布模型,采用形状优化和形貌优化等手段对材料分布模型进行光顺处理得到了拓扑优化设计后一体化星敏支架。经有限元分析,星敏支架刚度和强度满足要求。选择Ti6Al4V（TC4）激光选区熔化成型工艺加工了样机,验证了拓扑优化的星敏支架的可制造性。拓扑优化的一体化星敏支架重量相比薄壁式结构铸钛一体化星敏支架减重达80%。     

对运动辐射源的单站无源伪线性定位跟踪算法

本文针对只测向单站无源定位中推广卡尔曼滤波（EKF）算法具有不稳定性等缺点，在只测向（BO）定位算法的基础上增加方位角速率观测信息，提出了一种对运动辐射源的单站伪线性卡尔曼滤波定位方法并进行了计算机仿真，它相对于只测向方法提高了定位误差的收敛速度。它可用于无源侦察监视或导弹制导等要求快速收敛的场合。     

轴承供气压力对静压气体轴承-转子系统动力学特性影响的实验

为了研究轴承供气压力对气体轴承-转子系统动力学特性的影响,在静压气体轴承支承的压气机与透平同轴结构的涡轮膨胀制冷机试验台上,开展了相应的试验研究。采用分岔图、轴心轨迹、频谱分析等振动测试分析方法,分析了供气压力对临界转速和低频特性的影响。实验结果表明:轴承供气压力为0.80MPa,转子在26000r/min时未出现半速涡动;轴承供气压力为0.75MPa,转子在50000r/min时的低频振动幅值仅为工频振动幅值的5%,远小于相同转速时0.80MPa下的相对值(低频振动幅值与工频振动幅值的比值为34.89%)。因此,供气压力的增大带来气膜直接刚度的增加,能够消除气膜的半速涡动;供气压力的降低带来气膜阻尼比的增加,能够抑制气膜振荡的幅值。     

航空发动机整机空气系统流动与传热数值模拟

为了研究航空发动机整机空气系统内流动与传热特性,本文以涡扇发动机整机空气系统为对象,主要包括压气机盘腔、涡轮盘腔、低压轴前后腔、前后轴承腔等旋转盘腔和大量的流阻换热单元以及相邻的结构部件。所研究的是一个多腔相连,多进口,多出口,流固耦合传热的复杂问题,分析了发动机真实状况下空气系统内的流动与传热特性。采用Mixture多相流模型进行数值计算得到了该系统的速度场、压力场和温度场。结果表明：该系统内的流场是复杂的多涡流场,多个出口出现燃气倒灌;整个系统的腔压大致从前到后逐渐升高;由于主流通道燃气的入侵,导致高、低压涡轮盘的温度较高,后轴承腔内滑油的冷却作用较为明显。本文的工作使得对发动机整机空气系统的研究不再局限于一维计算,为空气系统的设计提供了理论依据。     

实心转子—电磁轴承系统的损耗分析

当径向电磁轴承中的转子旋转时,转子中将产生涡流。当转子为非叠片结构时,所产生的涡流较大,此涡流将改变电磁轴承气隙回路中的磁场。因此,作用在转子上的磁场力除磁浮力之外,还将作用有切向力,此切向力将产生磁阻尼,引起能量损耗。本文提出了一实心转子—电磁轴承系统的磁场分布模型,给出了相应磁浮力和切向力的计算公式,以实际系统为例,进行了相应计算和损耗分析,并在实际系统上进行了实验。结果表明计算与实验较吻合。      

基于FE-SEA方法的航天器含支架组件噪声分析

安装在支架上的航天器设备的随机环境条件的制定一般是以经验为基础,并通过试验结果修正,而对于全新构型的航天器,其设备的随机环境条件的制定则只能依靠试验。鉴于目前没有一种成熟的分析方法能在航天器研制初期得出设备安装界面处的噪声响应,文章提出采用FE-SEA 方法,将含支架组件和航天器结构本体看成互相独立的两部分,分别采用不同子系统建模,并以“嫦娥三号”某推力器组件噪声试验数据进行了验证。分析结果表明,含支架组件和航天器结构本体分别采用FE 和SEA 子系统建模,可准确地获得设备安装界面处高频噪声响应,结合低频噪声分析,可作为制定设备随机环境条件的参考。     

Microstructure evolution and mechanical anisotropy of M50 steel ball bearing rings during multi-stage hot forging

This study aimed to explore the evolution of flow lines and microstructures of M50-steel bearing ring and the anisotropy of its tensile mechanical properties after Multi-Stage Hot Forging (MSHF) and subsequent spheroidizing annealing (MSHFA). To this end, the present study mainly employed stereo microscopy, Optical Metallurgical Microscopy (OMM), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), and Electron Backscatter Diffraction (EBSD) to characterize and analyze the workpiece at each processing stage of MSHF while performing microhardness measurement and uniaxial tensile experiment to test and analyze the mechanical properties of the workpiece. Macro-structure observation showed that the simulation results of flow lines at each stage were consistent with the experimental results. Microscopic observation showed that, after MSHF, deformation gradually became less significant along the outward radial direction of the bearing ring. After MSHFA, the microstructures of the bearing ring became uniform, whereas primary carbides did not dissolve. The mechanical properties were better in the axial direction (AD) than in the radial (RD) and circumferential directions (CD) after MSHF due to the smaller grain width. After MSHFA, the mechanical properties in the ADs and CDs were better than those in the RDs, which was due to the large cross-sectional area of carbides along the flow-line direction.     

A mask R-CNN based method for inspecting cable brackets in aircraft

In the aviation industry, cable bracket is one of the most common parts. The traditional assembly state inspection method of cable bracket is to manually compare by viewing 3D models. The purpose of this paper is to address the problem of inefficiency of traditional inspection method. In order to solve the problem that machine learning algorithm requires large dataset and manually labeling of dataset is a laborious and time-consuming task, a simulation platform is developed to automatically generate synthetic realistic brackets images with pixel-level annotations based on 3D digital mock-up. In order to obtain accurate shapes of brackets from 2D image, a brackets recognizer based on Mask R-CNN is trained. In addition, a semi-automatic cable bracket inspection method is proposed. With this method, the inspector can easily obtain the inspection result only by taking a picture with a portable device, such as augmented reality (AR) glasses. The inspection task will be automatically executed via bracket recognition and matching. The experimental result shows that the proposed method for automatically labeling dataset is valid and the proposed cable bracket inspection method can effectively inspect cable bracket in the aircraft. Finally, a prototype system based on client-server framework has been developed for validation purpose.